After a 14‑year hiatus, the World Bank has formally resumed operations in Syria following the clearance of a $15.5 million debt by Saudi Arabia and Qatar, restoring the country’s eligibility for International Development Association (IDA) financing. The Bank’s initial initiative will target the restoration of electricity services, a critical enabler for healthcare, education, and water systems. Simultaneously, the United States has lifted sanctions under the Caesar Act, and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) has appointed its first mission chief to Syria in over a decade. Coordination with Gulf states is also underway to fund broader reconstruction efforts, as Syria’s leadership seeks to rebuild infrastructure and re‑establish diplomatic ties.
World Bank Reengagement
Debt Clearance
Saudi Arabia and Qatar jointly paid off Syria’s outstanding arrears of approximately $15.5 million to the World Bank’s IDA fund, resulting in the complete removal of outstanding balances as of 12 May 2025 .
Eligibility Restored
With arrears cleared, Syria now meets the World Bank’s operational policies and qualifies once again for IDA grants and concessional loans aimed at poverty reduction and infrastructure development .
First Project: Electricity Access
The Bank’s inaugural project will focus on restoring reliable electricity supply across key regions, addressing severe power shortages that have left many areas with only a few hours of electricity per day . Improved electricity access is expected to bolster hospitals, schools, and water treatment facilities.
U.S. Policy Shift and Sanctions Relief
Following a high‑level meeting between the U.S. President and Syria’s interim leader, the United States announced the lifting of sanctions imposed under the Caesar Act, opening the door for international investments and aid flows to support Syria’s recovery .
IMF Reengagement
The IMF has named Ron van Rooden as its first country mission chief to Syria since the civil war began, marking a significant step in technical support for fiscal reform and the rebuilding of financial institutions .
Coordination with Gulf Nations
A joint meeting in April involving Syrian officials, the IMF, the World Bank, Saudi Arabia, and Qatar set the groundwork for coordinated financing mechanisms to underpin reconstruction and economic stabilization (Reuters, Al Jazeera).
Syria’s Reconstruction Ambitions
Syria’s new leadership has signaled a departure from entrenched systems by prioritizing infrastructure rehabilitation, transparent governance, and inclusive economic policies. Restoring critical services and re‑building diplomatic ties are central to their strategy for long‑term stability.
