In the Kashmiriyat section, we provide detailed answers to frequently asked questions about the Jammu Kashmir, its unique identity, and the profound concepts of Kashmiriyat. Our goal is to inform, educate, and engage readers in understanding the heart and soul of Kashmir.
In India-administered Jammu and Kashmir, the political and constitutional framework underwent a pivotal change in 1965 when the position of Prime Minister was abolished. This post was replaced with the Chief Minister (CM), aligning Jammu and Kashmir with the governance structure followed in other Indian states. The change symbolized a deeper integration of the region into the Indian Union under the Government of India.
On the other hand, Pakistan-administered Azad Kashmir continues to retain the position of Prime Minister. However, Pakistan made a notable move in 2009 by separating Gilgit-Baltistan from Azad Kashmir and granting it semi-autonomous provincial status, introducing its own governance structure.
Over the years, the region of Jammu and Kashmir has seen diverse political leadership, with several influential leaders taking on the role of Chief Minister (CM). These leaders have played critical roles in shaping the political, social, and economic framework of the state. In this article, we present a comprehensive list of Jammu and Kashmir Chief Ministers, offering insights into their tenures and contributions to the governance of this historically significant region.
Historical Evolution of the Chief Minister’s Post
The position of Chief Minister in Jammu and Kashmir was officially introduced on 30 March 1965, when Ghulam Mohammed Sadiq became the first Chief Minister. Before this transition, the region was governed by a Prime Minister, a unique title reflecting Jammu and Kashmir’s semi-autonomous status under Article 370.
The constitutional amendments in 1965 replaced the post of Prime Minister with Chief Minister, aligning it with the governance model followed in Indian states. Since then, several leaders from different political parties, including the Jammu and Kashmir National Conference (JKNC), Indian National Congress (INC), and People’s Democratic Party (PDP), have taken on the role.
Comprehensive List of Jammu and Kashmir Chief Ministers
Here’s a detailed list of all the Chief Ministers of Jammu and Kashmir, along with their tenures and political affiliations:
Name
Tenure
Political Party
Ghulam Mohammed Sadiq
30 March 1965 – 12 December 1971
Indian National Congress
Syed Mir Qasim
12 December 1971 – 25 February 1975
Indian National Congress
Sheikh Abdullah
25 February 1975 – 8 September 1982
Jammu and Kashmir National Conference
Farooq Abdullah
8 September 1982 – 2 July 1984
Jammu and Kashmir National Conference
Ghulam Mohammad Shah
2 July 1984 – 6 March 1986
Jammu and Kashmir Awami National Conference
Farooq Abdullah
7 November 1986 – 19 January 1990
Jammu and Kashmir National Conference
President’s Rule
19 January 1990 – 9 October 1996
N/A
Farooq Abdullah
9 October 1996 – 18 October 2002
Jammu and Kashmir National Conference
Mufti Mohammad Sayeed
2 November 2002 – 2 November 2005
Jammu and Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party
Ghulam Nabi Azad
2 November 2005 – 11 July 2008
Indian National Congress
President’s Rule
11 July 2008 – 5 January 2009
N/A
Omar Abdullah
5 January 2009 – 1 March 2015
Jammu and Kashmir National Conference
Mufti Mohammad Sayeed
1 March 2015 – 7 January 2016
Jammu and Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party
Mehbooba Mufti
4 April 2016 – 19 June 2018
Jammu and Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party
President’s Rule
19 June 2018 – 31 October 2019
N/A
Lieutenant Governor’s Rule
31 October 2019 – 16 October 2024
N/A
Omar Abdullah
16 October 2024 – Present
Jammu and Kashmir National Conference
Prime Minister Post in Jammu and Kashmir
The position of Prime Minister in Jammu and Kashmir existed from 1948 to 1965, during the period when the state enjoyed special autonomy under Article 370 of the Indian Constitution. The Prime Minister served as the head of the government in Jammu and Kashmir, while the ceremonial head of state was referred to as the “Sadr-e-Riyasat” (President of the State).
This unique arrangement changed in 1965 when constitutional amendments brought Jammu and Kashmir in line with the rest of India. The titles of Prime Minister and Sadr-e-Riyasat were replaced with Chief Minister and Governor, respectively. These changes were implemented under the leadership of Ghulam Mohammed Sadiq, who became the first Chief Minister after serving as the last Prime Minister.
List of Prime Ministers of Jammu and Kashmir
Name
Tenure
Political Party
Mehr Chand Mahajan
15 October 1947 – 5 March 1948
Independent
Sheikh Abdullah
5 March 1948 – 9 August 1953
Jammu and Kashmir National Conference
Bakshi Ghulam Mohammad
9 August 1953 – 12 October 1963
Jammu and Kashmir National Conference
Khwaja Shamsuddin
12 October 1963 – 29 February 1964
Jammu and Kashmir National Conference
Ghulam Mohammed Sadiq
29 February 1964 – 30 March 1965
Indian National Congress
Why Is the CM List Important for Jammu and Kashmir?
Understanding the list of Chief Ministers and their tenures is crucial in analyzing the region’s political landscape. Each leader left an imprint on the state, whether in the form of political reform, the management of regional conflicts, or efforts toward improving the economy and infrastructure. The political shifts, alliances, and leadership changes in Jammu and Kashmir have played an important role in shaping the state’s identity and future trajectory.
Political Changes and Current Status
In 2019, the special status of Jammu and Kashmir under Article 370 was revoked, leading to its reorganization into two separate Union Territories—Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh. This move abolished the legislative assembly temporarily, and the governance was placed under a Lieutenant Governor’s administration.
However, in 2024, elections were held, restoring the legislative assembly in Jammu and Kashmir. Omar Abdullah of the Jammu and Kashmir National Conference (JKNC) assumed office as the Chief Minister on 16 October 2024, marking the revival of democratic governance in the region.
The complex nature of Jammu and Kashmir’s politics, shaped by factors such as nationalism, separatism, autonomy, and socio-economic development, has made it one of the most politically sensitive regions in South Asia.
The list of Jammu and Kashmir CM names provides not only a historical record of leadership but also a lens through which we can understand the broader political struggles and aspirations of the Kashmiri people.
From the initial years after integration to the current governance system under the Union Territory status, the evolution of political leadership in Jammu and Kashmir reflects the region’s resilience, diversity, and aspirations. By understanding the tenure of these leaders, we gain a deeper understanding of the region’s ongoing transformation.
Jammu and Kashmir is divided into a number of districts that highlight its diverse geography, demographics, and administrative importance. Understanding the districts of Jammu and Kashmir is crucial for anyone seeking to explore the region’s administrative setup, tourism potential, or cultural diversity. However, the complexity deepens when we consider the region’s unique political and geographical challenges.
Currently, Jammu and Kashmir is divided between three countries: India, Pakistan, and China. The United Nations has called for a plebiscite to allow Kashmiris the right to determine their future. This has made the region a contentious territory, with multiple countries asserting claims over different parts of it.
Due to this geopolitical dispute, it becomes challenging to understand the history, geography, and administrative divisions of the region. Jammu and Kashmir’s districts are spread across different territories, including Gilgit-Baltistan, Ladakh, Jammu, and Kashmir Valley, with varying numbers and boundaries in each area.
For students preparing for competitive exams, historians, or geography enthusiasts, the lack of clarity around the exact number of districts often creates confusion. In this article, we aim to provide a comprehensive breakdown of the districts in all regions of Jammu and Kashmir, offering a clear and factual understanding of its administrative divisions.
How Many Districts Are There in Jammu and Kashmir?
The state of Jammu and Kashmir, now divided into three regions, consists of a total of 51 districts. These districts are distributed among three countries: India, Pakistan, and China. The divisions are further categorized into Jammu Division and Kashmir Division within India, while the regions of Gilgit-Baltistan and Azad Kashmir fall under Pakistan, and Ladakh is also a region under Indian administration.
Map of Jammu Kashmir Districts
Jammu comprises 10 districts.
Kashmir also comprises 10 districts.
Ladakh comprises 7 districts (5 New).
Azad Kashmir comprises 10 districts.
Gilgit Baltistan comprises 14 districts.
Jammu Region Districts
The Jammu region, often referred to as the “City of Temples” due to its countless ancient shrines and religious landmarks, is a significant part of the Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir. Nestled in the foothills of the Himalayas, this region serves as the winter capital of the territory and boasts a unique blend of cultural, historical, and natural attractions.
Geographically diverse, Jammu is characterized by its fertile plains, scenic valleys, and hilly terrains that merge into the majestic Pir Panjal Range. The region is also home to some of India’s most revered pilgrimage sites, such as the Vaishno Devi Shrine and the Raghunath Temple, drawing millions of devotees every year.
Historically, Jammu has played a pivotal role in the political and cultural development of the region. It has been the seat of the Dogra dynasty, whose influence is evident in the region’s art, architecture, and traditions. Today, Jammu continues to serve as a critical economic and cultural hub, connecting the northern plains of India to the Himalayan ranges.
Administratively, the Jammu region comprises 10 districts, each with its own distinctive features and attractions.
Below is the detailed list of districts in the Jammu region of Jammu & Kashmir, divided by their respective divisions:
List of Districts in Jammu
S. No.
District Name
Key Highlights
1
Jammu
Winter capital; cultural and economic hub
2
Kathua
Known for Jasrota Fort and heritage sites
3
Samba
Industrial district with historical significance
4
Udhampur
Home to Patnitop and Vaishno Devi shrine
5
Reasi
Famous for Shiv Khori and Bhimgarh Fort
6
Poonch
Scenic beauty and Mughal Road connection
7
Rajouri
Lush valleys and historical landmarks
8
Doda
Known for adventure tourism and trekking
9
Kishtwar
Kishtwar National Park and scenic beauty
10
Ramban
Home to the Chenab Bridge, a marvel of engineering
Overview of Kashmir Region Districts
The Kashmir region, often referred to as “Paradise on Earth”, is renowned for its breathtaking natural beauty, rich cultural heritage, and historical significance. Nestled in the lap of the Himalayas, the Kashmir Valley is surrounded by snow-capped mountains, lush green meadows, and pristine water bodies, making it one of the most picturesque regions in the world.
Geographically, Kashmir is defined by its stunning landscapes, including the Dal Lake, Wular Lake, and the Mughal Gardens, which serve as iconic tourist attractions. Its temperate climate, with snowy winters and pleasant summers, further enhances its appeal.
Culturally, the region is a melting pot of traditions, art, and crafts. From the intricate Pashmina shawls to the famous Kashmiri carpets, the valley is a treasure trove of handicrafts and artistry. Kashmiri cuisine, including dishes like Rogan Josh and Gushtaba, reflects the unique blend of influences the region has absorbed over centuries.
Historically, the Kashmir region has been a center of learning, spirituality, and trade. Its history is deeply interwoven with the rise and fall of empires, from the Mughals to the Dogras. Today, it remains a symbol of resilience and cultural pride, despite its complex political situation.
The Kashmir region is administratively divided into 10 districts, each with its own unique charm and significance.
Below is the detailed list of districts in the Kashmir region of Jammu & Kashmir, divided by their respective divisions:
List of Districts in the Kashmir Region
S. No.
District Name
Key Highlights
1
Srinagar
Summer capital; famous for Dal Lake and Mughal Gardens
2
Anantnag
Known for Pahalgam, Amarnath Yatra, and Lidder River
3
Baramulla
Gateway to the Kashmir Valley; scenic landscapes
4
Pulwama
Known for saffron fields and apple orchards
5
Budgam
Famous for Doodhpathri and Yusmarg meadows
6
Kupwara
Border district with pristine valleys like Bangus
7
Bandipora
Home to Wular Lake, Asia’s largest freshwater lake
8
Ganderbal
Famous for Sonamarg and Naranag Temple ruins
9
Kulgam
Known for its natural springs and apple orchards
10
Shopian
Often called the ‘Apple Bowl of Kashmir’ for its premium apple production
Overview of Ladakh Region Districts
The Ladakh region, often called the “Land of High Passes”, of Jammu Kashmir is a stunning high-altitude desert known for its surreal landscapes, rich cultural heritage, and strategic significance. Nestled between the Karakoram and Himalayan mountain ranges, Ladakh is one of the most remote and breathtaking region of Jammu Kashmir, attracting adventurers, nature enthusiasts, and spiritual seekers alike.
Geographically, Ladakh is characterized by its rugged mountains, crystal-clear rivers, and unique terrain. Its stark beauty is highlighted by attractions like Pangong Lake, Nubra Valley, and Tso Moriri Lake, which have become iconic destinations for travelers. The region’s high-altitude passes, such as Khardung La, add to its allure for adventure lovers.
Culturally, Ladakh is a vibrant blend of Tibetan Buddhism and local traditions, reflected in its monasteries, festivals, and lifestyle. Monasteries such as Hemis, Thiksey, and Diskit are not only places of worship but also architectural marvels that preserve the spiritual and artistic heritage of the region. The people of Ladakh, known for their warm hospitality, continue to practice age-old customs and traditions, making the region a living cultural museum.
Administratively, Ladakh was carved out as a separate Union Territory of India in 2019, distinct from Jammu and Kashmir. It is divided into two districts: Leh and Kargil, each with its own historical, cultural, and geographical significance.
Leh, the larger of the two districts, is a bustling town that serves as the gateway to Ladakh’s wonders. Kargil, on the other hand, is known for its historical importance during the Kargil War and its serene beauty.
Below is the detailed list of districts in the Ladakh region of Jammu & Kashmir, divided by their respective divisions:
List of Districts in the Ladakh region
S. No.
District Name
Key Highlights
1
Leh
Largest district; home to Pangong Lake, Khardung La, and monasteries like Hemis and Thiksey
2
Kargil
Known for its historical significance during the Kargil War, Suru Valley, and Nun Kun Peaks
3
Nubra (Proposed)
Famous for Nubra Valley, Hunder Sand Dunes, and Diskit Monastery
4
Zanskar (Proposed)
Known for remote trekking trails, Zanskar River, and ancient monasteries like Phuktal
5
Drass (Proposed)
Coldest inhabited place in India, gateway to Ladakh, and site of the Kargil War Memorial
6
Changthang (Proposed)
Known for its nomadic culture, Tso Moriri Lake, and vast high-altitude plains
7
Turtuk (Proposed)
Border village with cultural significance and stunning apricot orchards
Districts of Azad Kashmir Region
Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJK), often referred to simply as Azad Kashmir, is an autonomous region of Jammu Kashmir. It shares its borders with the Pakistan-administered region of Gilgit-Baltistan, as well as Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir, making it a geopolitically significant region. Azad Kashmir is renowned for its mesmerizing landscapes, historical heritage, and cultural richness, which attract tourists, scholars, and researchers from around the world.
Districts map of Azad Jammu Kashmir (Pakistan-administered).
The region is characterized by its mountainous terrain, with the Himalayas and Pir Panjal ranges forming natural boundaries that create dramatic landscapes. The serene Neelum Valley, the scenic Rawalakot, and the lush green Banjosa Lake are just a few of the region’s many picturesque locations. The climate in Azad Kashmir is varied, ranging from mild summers to heavy snowfall in the winter, making it a year-round tourist destination. The region’s natural beauty is complemented by its rich cultural traditions, local cuisine, and vibrant festivals.
Azad Kashmir holds an important place in Pakistan’s history and governance. It functions as an autonomous administrative unit, with its own government, legislature, and judiciary, under the broader jurisdiction of Pakistan. The region’s socio-political landscape is shaped by its historical ties with both Pakistan and India, and its residents maintain strong cultural and familial links across the border.
Administratively, Azad Kashmir is divided into 10 districts, each with its own unique features, from the bustling city of Muzaffarabad, the capital, to the serene, less-explored valleys in the north. The region is known for its strong sense of community, with local populations dedicated to agriculture, trade, and crafts, alongside the growing tourism sector.
The districts of Azad Kashmir offer a range of experiences for travelers and locals alike. Some regions are known for their historic significance, such as Mirpur, while others are renowned for their natural beauty, like Bagh and Poonch. The region’s districts are an excellent reflection of its blend of modern-day influences and traditional cultural practices.
Below is the detailed list of districts in the Azad Kashmir region of Jammu & Kashmir.
List of Districts in Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJK)
S. No.
District Name
Key Highlights
1
Muzaffarabad
The capital of Azad Kashmir, known for its scenic views of the confluence of the Neelum and Jhelum rivers.
2
Mirpur
Known for its large diaspora in the UK and famous for the Mangla Dam and scenic surrounding areas.
3
Rawalakot
Often referred to as the ‘Pearl Valley,’ it is known for its natural beauty, including Toli Pir and Banjosa Lake.
4
Bagh
Famous for its lush valleys, including the stunning Ganga Choti and Bagh’s cultural heritage.
5
Poonch
Known for its historical significance and beautiful areas like Toli Pir, and the Poonch River.
6
Kotli
An important commercial and administrative hub, with scenic valleys and a rich cultural history.
7
Neelum
Known for its breathtaking valleys and beautiful spots like Arang Kel and Sharda.
8
Bhimber
A district rich in history, known for the famous Chak Fort and a thriving agricultural base.
9
Hattian Bala
Known for its scenic beauty and the famous Domel area, offering panoramic views of the surrounding mountains.
10
Haveli
A district with cultural and historical importance, known for the scenic beauty of its forests and mountainous landscapes.
Overview of Gilgit-Baltistan Region
Located at the junction of the Karakoram, Himalayas, and Hindu Kush mountain ranges, Gilgit-Baltistan is home to some of the world’s highest peaks, including K2, the second-highest mountain on Earth. The region is a paradise for adventure enthusiasts, trekkers, mountaineers, and nature lovers, drawing tourists from all over the world to explore its rugged beauty.
Districts in Gilgit Baltistan Map
The region’s geography is as diverse as it is striking, featuring lush green valleys, dense forests, pristine lakes, and snow-capped mountains. GB is home to Hunza Valley, Skardu, Naltar Valley, Khunjerab Pass, and Fairy Meadows, each offering unique natural beauty and cultural significance.
Culturally, Gilgit-Baltistan is a melting pot of various ethnicities, including Shina, Balti, Burushaski, and Khowar, with each group maintaining its own language, customs, and traditions. The region is predominantly Muslim, with a strong tradition of religious practices and festivals. Shia Islam holds prominence in Baltistan, while Nurbakhshia, Ismaili, and Sunni traditions are also present, particularly in areas like Hunza and Nagar.
Historically, Gilgit-Baltistan has been a crossroads of Central Asian, South Asian, and Tibetan cultures. The region was once part of the larger princely state of Jammu and Kashmir before its incorporation into Pakistan after the 1947 partition. Today, GB functions as an administrative region of Pakistan, though it remains a disputed area under the broader Kashmir conflict, with both India and Pakistan asserting claims over it.
Below is the detailed list of districts in the Gilgit Baltistan region of Jammu & Kashmir.
Gilgit-Baltistan Districts List
S. No.
District Name
Key Highlights
1
Gilgit
The administrative capital of GB; known for its vibrant culture and historic sites like the Kargah Buddha.
2
Skardu
Gateway to the Karakoram Range; known for scenic spots like Shangrila Resort, Satpara Lake, and Deosai National Park.
3
Hunza
Famous for its idyllic landscapes, Hunza Valley, and landmarks like Altit Fort and Baltit Fort.
4
Nagar
Located across from Hunza, known for Nagar Valley and the stunning Rakaposhi mountain.
5
Ghizer
Known for lush valleys like Phander Valley and Gupis Valley, as well as the beautiful Shandur Lake.
6
Diamer
Famous for the Diamer-Basha Dam and the awe-inspiring Nanga Parbat mountain.
7
Astore
Known for its rugged beauty, including Astore Valley and the majestic Ratti Gali Lake.
8
Baltistan
Home to the Baltoro Glacier, K2, and Skardu, the region offers unparalleled beauty.
9
Shigar
Known for its pristine valleys, including Shigar Fort and views of K2 from Shigar Valley.
10
Kharmang
A relatively less explored area, known for its cultural diversity and scenic Kharmang Valley.
District Map of Jammu and Kashmir
For a better understanding of the geographical layout, here is an outline of how these districts are positioned.
List of Districts of Jammu Kashmir
List of all Districts in Jammu and Kashmir
Below is the total list of districts in Jammu and Kashmir, including Gilgit-Baltistan (GB), Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJK), and Ladakh:
This table provides an overview of the districts across all the regions of Jammu and Kashmir, including both Indian-administered and Pakistani-administered areas.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
1. How many districts are there in Jammu and Kashmir?
Jammu and Kashmir comprise 51 districts, in all the regions of Jammu Kashmir Including GB, AJK, and Ladakh.
2. Which is the largest district in Jammu and Kashmir?
Leh was previously the largest district in terms of area, but post the bifurcation in 2019, the largest district in Jammu and Kashmir is Doda.
3. What are the main districts for tourism in Jammu and Kashmir?
Tourism hotspots include Srinagar, Anantnag, Baramulla, and Ganderbal in Kashmir Division, while Jammu, Udhampur, and Kishtwar are popular in Jammu Division.
Stay tuned to our Kashmiriyat section for more in-depth articles on the region’s culture, history, and current affairs.
