It was stated in the previous column that the situation had been smoothed in favor of Pakistan in the early fifties for the Pakistan-US military agreement. According to Pakistani policy makers, after years of hard work, the crop was ready, now the problem was to harvest it on time. But that decisive hour was not coming.

Due to various reasons, the affairs were getting stuck again and again. The biggest question was whether Pakistani forces would need huge resources to play a significant role in a defense deal with the US. And it was necessary for the US to get Congressional approval to provide the requested resources to Pakistan, which had a limit.

There was no dearth of people in the Congress who were in favor of the Indian approach on this question, and were against a military agreement with Pakistan. But the real vexing question for the US was how strong India’s reaction to Pakistan’s inclusion in the arrangement would be, and how the damage could be contained. It was a question on which American public opinion and decision-makers themselves were divided.

There was a strong lobby in the US policy-making establishment, which was strongly against including Pakistan in any such package at the expense of India. In this regard, there were several strong voices in the powerful circles of America, which were raised from time to time. A strong voice among them was Chester’s. Chester Ball was the US ambassador to India at the time, and had considerable influence in Washington. Chester Ball believed that in case of such an agreement with Pakistan, the Indian government and the people here would react very strongly.

These people firmly believe that whatever weapons America gives to Pakistan, they will ultimately be used against India. Chester Ball believes that including Pakistan in any such military agreement would set off a chain of events that could ultimately lead to heightened tensions and an endless arms race in South Asia. And above all, the Soviet Union will take this very seriously, and will provide much more military aid to India, which will worsen the peace situation in the region instead of improving it.

The whole process will not help our desired goals in the Middle East. Despite these hostile voices raised by America, Pakistani decision-makers were optimistic about their success, and they accelerated their efforts.

In this regard, Ayub Khan visited Washington in September. He told State Department officials that his visit had only one purpose, and that was to procure American weapons for the Pakistan Army. When the State Department told him that even if a decision was taken to hand over arms, it would require a lengthy process. Any such package of military aid requires the approval of the President, but before such approval a report by the Department of Defense is required, which is a time-consuming matter. Ayub Khan was surprised at this answer. Their impatience was palpable, and they were disappointed by the American response.

However, Dulles assured Ayub Khan that Pakistan would be given aid regardless of India’s reaction. Ayub Khan returned home after these assurances. But efforts continued, Malik Ghulam Muhammad arrived in Washington only a month later. Upon the arrival of Ghulam Mohammad, the Pakistani officials used the local press with great whip. Even the New York Times wrote a long piece on it on November 5.

The newspaper wrote that the purpose of Ghulam Muhammad’s visit was to examine the possibility of a military agreement between the United States and Pakistan. Due to this act, there was a stir in the diplomatic and political circles. The State Department immediately issued a denial. He said that there is no truth in the rumors that America is giving arms to Pakistan in exchange for military bases. The harshest of the reactionaries was Pandit Nehru.

He called the White House and said they were foolish to bring the Cold War to South Asia. He said that Pak America Maida will change everything. On Nehru’s instructions, GL Mehta, the Indian ambassador in Washington, became active, and actively lobbied against any such agreement. US officials assured Mehta that US weapons would not be used against India under any circumstances. And there is no discussion with Pakistan regarding the establishment of American bases in Pakistan.

Apart from India, Moscow’s reaction was also very strong. Moscow asked Pakistan to clarify reports that Pakistan was becoming part of an aggressive bloc in the Middle East against the Soviet Union. And Pakistan giving military bases to the US in Pakistani territory so close to the Soviet borders would be an act that the Soviet Union could not ignore. This is a question of the security of the Soviet Union. Pakistan replied bluntly that there is no question of giving US military bases in Pakistan.

Rather, the Foreign Ministry even said that Pakistan has no intention of taking any unfriendly step against a country like the Soviet Union, with which it has friendly relations. Along with this, voices started coming from within Pakistan against giving bases to America, among which the nationalist leaders of Pakistan were in the forefront. Officials believed that Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru was behind such noises, to prevent the US from entering into an agreement with Pakistan. In this situation, US Vice President Richard Nixon visited Karachi. In Karachi, Nixon expressed his views and said that Pakistan’s leaders are ready to be a part of the Cold War.

He praised Ayub Khan and said that Ayub Khan’s problem is not anti-India, but cold war. He is not anti-India but anti-communist. He is rightly aware of the Communist threat, and is a “pro-American” man. If needed, America can be provided with facilities and bases in Pakistan against Soviet Union and socialism. The course of events that followed will be described in a future column.

Muzaffarabad (Azadi Times) Promotion of Programmer in Information Department  Advertising Officer Sardar Shamim Anjum Aziz has been promoted as Programmer B-17.

Regular notification issued by the Secretariat Information. Sardar Shamim is a BS Computer Science degree holder and is studying in the final semester of MSc Mass Communication.

He has 7 years of experience in software development and has developed websites for various government agencies. While in the Information Department, he has been working as an Advertising Officer for seven years. He is a highly capable and professional officer whose promotion will further improve the working of the Information Department.

The story of the repression in the name of morality in Iran is also very strange. Miss Amini, a twenty-two-year-old woman, wears a veil. This young woman was wearing a niqab according to the instructions of the Ahle Haqm, but the style of wearing the niqab was not the same as the ruling elite of Iran thought it should be. As if she was arrested by the police for wearing the niqab differently, and then the unfortunate woman died in custody. There was an unexpected reaction to the death in police custody of Mehsa Amini, a 22-year-old woman arrested for improperly wearing hijab. People openly expressed their anger.

There were bloody demonstrations. Boycotted. Employees and laborers stopped work on a large scale. A storm arose in the whole country. Riots broke out every day, which spread to more than a hundred cities. These protests embodied the anger that Iranian women and youth felt at elite intrusions into their private lives.

This situation was nothing new for the Iranians. Iran’s current revolution is now forty-three years old. Many Iranians believe that forty-three years ago, Iran’s ruling elite relegated Iranian women to the status of second-class citizens in the name of Sharia and the Constitution. But women, especially young women, have never fully accepted this situation. They continued to reject the hijab requirement in daily life in many ways under a reactionary social order based on oppression. Some women tried to burn their headscarves. To the ruling elite, this was an act punishable by whipping and imprisonment. And these sentences continued to be pronounced. But brutal punishments did not deter women from speaking up for their rights. Violence and oppression could not end these women’s struggle and desire to make lifestyle choices. However, due to this, their anger and hatred against the ruling elite continued to increase.
After the famous revolution of 1989, the ruling elite declared that today Iran is an ideological country. This theory stands on several pillars. Among these pillars, anti-Americanism and anti-Israelism are the most important pillars, but the most important pillar is Iran’s new social system, which is based on the hijab, and which requires women to cover themselves and their faces in public need The introduction of a dress code for women was hailed as a sign of the revolution’s success.

Mandatory wearing of hijab is mandatory in the Islamic Republic. Likewise, mandatory hijab laws became a symbol of the personal liberties of the citizens of the Islamic Republic, civil liberties, and total control of the society by the ruling elite. The Islamic Republic declared the imposition of a dress code on women immediately after the revolution as a sign of the success of the revolution.

The leaders of the revolutionary state ensured that women wore what they chose and not what they chose. They banned tight clothes, bright colors and make-up. Women were ordered to cover their hair. Laws were enacted for compulsory veiling within the country, under which even girls under the age of seven were forced to wear headscarves. Those who disobeyed faced severe punishment, and were often accused of “inciting corruption and prostitution”. On this situation, many Western and Iranian intellectuals have written in their articles that Iranian women have never accepted the implementation of the headscarf in silence. In 2014 alone, Iran’s morality enforcement police warned, fined or arrested 3.6 million women for “inappropriate dress,” according to government data. The recent riots started with Amini’s death. But even before that death, Iran’s clerics could sense a growing tide against the hijab. In early July 2022, the moral police issued a warning to women that they would be arrested if they did not comply with the hijab requirement.

 

After that many were arrested. He was beaten, and forced to apologize on national TV. Surveillance cameras were installed in public places, such as subways and motorways, to identify and fine women who violate the mandatory hijab rule. In the summer this year, authorities repeatedly warned that women who posted pictures of themselves without the hijab on the Internet would be deprived of some social rights for six months to a year. . The authorities have since barred these women from entering government offices and banks and boarding public transport for failing to fully comply with the dress code. These were certainly drastic measures. But such measures did not stop Iranian women from resisting.

 

For the past decade, authorities have had to deal with resistance from Iranian women online. The state’s complete control over traditional media has led to resistance on Iranian social media, particularly platforms such as Facebook, Instagram, Telegram, Twitter, and WhatsApp. Millions of people followed the social media campaign, which has been protesting Iran’s strict hijab laws and has taken various actions such as wearing the white niqab, unveiling while walking, pictures of men in hijab, and Campaigns like My Camera My Weapon are included.

These campaigns empowered women to oppose the government’s strictures. In response to these campaigns, the government introduced a 2019 law that made it a crime, punishable by up to ten years in prison, to send campaign emails. It was an attempt by the government to control a young generation that wanted social change. But such was the difficulty that, despite widespread censorship, Internet penetration in Iran at the start of 2022 was 80 percent, a record high. Although the government banned many websites and social media platforms, Iranians have found ways to circumvent censorship through the use of virtual private networks, or VPNs.

 

According to one report, about 80 percent of Iranians with Internet access have installed anti-filter and VPN software to avoid censorship. Despite these conditions, the Ahl al-Haqm could not see the writing on the wall. He remained stubborn. But after Amini’s death, after a long battle, he finally conceded defeat, and announced the end of the morality police, a victory for a new generation of Iranians who, in their choice of lifestyle, They were fighting for elections and civil liberties.

International Human Rights Day is celebrated by the United Nations on the 10th of December every year to maintain human dignity at the global level and to raise awareness among people about human rights.

Recognizing religion and language, preventing the violation of human rights, creating a sense of responsibility in the people, and especially women and children to provide awareness about their rights. The United Nations General Assembly on December 10, 1948, in its resolution 317 The Universal Declaration of Human Rights was approved.

The United Nations first organized the celebration of this day as Human Rights Day by inviting all members and interested countries in 1950. Human rights have been defined by the World Organization as: “The same standard should be established for all individuals and nations”.

The UN Charter of Human Rights consists of a preamble and thirty articles, covering freedom of expression, assembly, movement, and religion. On the occasion of International Human Rights Day, seminars, conferences, and programs are organized to highlight the importance of this day. So that human rights organizations and international organizations take notice of violations occurring anywhere. Today, when International Human Rights Day is being celebrated around the world, the Indian forces in Occupied Jammu and Kashmir are continuously flouting the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.

 

Occupied Kashmir is the only region in the world in which the Indian occupying forces The worst violations of human rights committed by neither any institution nor any human rights organization have taken full notice of it. For the past 75 years, the Indian occupation forces have been violating the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in the occupied territory and have been brutally killing and arresting Kashmiris regardless of age and gender for demanding the right to self-determination, while torturing them. And it is being humiliated. On August 5, 2019, after the termination of the special status of Kashmir by the Modi government, human rights violations intensified, and the occupied valley turned into the world’s largest prison. The shadow of fear in the valley still persists and the occupying Indian army has made life miserable for Kashmiris. The situation in the valley is still tense, while the shortage of food and medicines also persists in the valley.

But still, the Modi government is unable to suppress the freedom struggle of Kashmiris and the series of protests against the occupying Indian army in the valley continues. There is still a severe shortage. In occupied Kashmir, Kashmiris are being subjected to atrocities and worst violations by the Indian occupying forces as a reward for demanding their basic birthright. An example of this is not found in the world. Every tactic is being used to oppress innocent Kashmiris.

10 lakh Indian forces equipped with the latest weapons are making the lives of innocent Kashmiris miserable. Children, old people, young people, men and women, no one could escape from Indian aggression. The thought of such brutal torture on children makes one cringe. 18-month-old Haba Nisar was hit by pellet guns and injured. Neither international conscience will wake up nor international human rights organizations will act on this newborn girl. Under the black laws, Kashmiri youths are kidnapped and martyred in fake encounters. The black laws and policies made by the Indian government are inhuman. Atrocities, extra-judicial killings, abductions, and rapes provide justification for India.

The UN Human Rights Commission’s report on India’s crimes against innocent Kashmiris is a welcome step after a long period of silence. It was clearly stated that India is committing human rights violations against innocent Kashmiris and other minorities in Occupied Kashmir. The Human Rights Commission of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) also reiterated the same demand that India stops violating human rights in Occupied Jammu and Kashmir and gives Kashmiris the right to self-determination under the UN resolutions. They have completely failed to implement the report and stop India’s human rights abuses.

According to a report by Kashmir Media Service, Indian soldiers have martyred 96,160 innocent Kashmiris since January 1989 in their ongoing operations of state terrorism. Out of which 7 thousand 280 were martyred in custody, as a result of these martyrdoms 22 thousand 953 women widows and 1 lakh 7 thousand 900 children became orphans. According to the report, during this period, Indian soldiers violated 11,256 women and damaged 1,10,500 residential houses and other buildings. The report said that Indian soldiers and police personnel have also made more than 9,000 Kashmiris go missing during detention. Thousands of school-going Kashmiri boys and girls were injured by pellets fired by Indian forces, while 19-month-old Haba Jan, 10-year-old Asif Ahmed Sheikh, 16-year-old Aqib Zahoor, 17-year-old Ulfat Hameed, 17-year-old Bilal Ahmed were injured.

 

Dozens of children, including Butt, Insha Mushtaq, nineteen-year-old Tariq Ahmed Gujri, and nineteen-year-old Faizan Ashraf Tantre, lost their sight completely due to the pellet. According to the report, the lives of Kashmiris have been badly affected due to the continuous search and siege operations. And due to the sieges of the Indian army, the economy of the occupied area has been badly damaged. All Party Hurriyat Conference Chairman Musrat Alam Butt, Muhammad Yasin Malik, Shabbir Ahmad Shah, Asia Andrabi, Nahida Nasreen, Fahmida Sufi, Naeem Ahmad Khan, Ayaz Muhammad Akbar, Altaf Ahmad Shah, Pir Saifullah, Merajuddin Kalwal, Farooq Ahmad Dar. , Amir Hamza, Muhammad Yousuf Mir, Muhammad Rafiq Ganai, Feroze Ahmad Khan, Dr. Muhammad Qasim Faktu, Zahoor Vitali, Ghulam Muhammad Butt, Syed Shahid Yousaf, Syed Shakeel Yousaf, Muhammad Yousuf Falahi, Zahoor Ahmad Butt, Engineer Rashid, Hayat Ahmad Butt. A large number of Hurriyat leaders, activists, youth, and human rights activists, including human rights activist Khurram Pervez and journalist Asif Sultan, are locked up in various jails in the occupied territories and in India under black laws.

The occupying administration has placed Hurriyat Forum Chairman Mirwaiz Umar Farooq under house arrest since August 5, 2019, and is not allowing him to engage in political activities even to offer Friday prayers and address people there at Jama Masjid Srinagar. It is also being stopped. Black laws are being used for the genocide of innocent Kashmiris. The Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) is deeply concerned about the arrest of Khurram Pervez, a leading defender of human rights in India’s illegally occupied Jammu and Kashmir, under the black law “UAPA”. India’s top anti-terrorism investigative agency arrested Khurram Parvez, a leading human rights activist in Occupied Kashmir, after raiding his home and office.

The leadership of the fascist Indian government is increasing its state terrorism day by day in the illegally occupied Indian occupied Jammu and Kashmir with the aim of suppressing the legitimate struggle of Kashmiris for the right to self-determination. A new series of barbaric atrocities is being repeated in Kashmir and the martyrdom of innocent people in fake encounters by Indian soldiers has become a routine in Occupied Jammu and Kashmir. The BJP-led Indian government is using terrorism as a weapon to intimidate Kashmiris and push the agenda of Hindutva in Occupied Jammu and Kashmir, but Indian atrocities cannot break the resolve of Kashmiris because of these atrocities. The freedom spirit of Kashmiris becomes stronger.

It is the responsibility of human rights organizations to raise their voice against the barbaric acts of India in the occupied territory and to force the world to take concrete steps to end Indian atrocities in occupied Jammu and Kashmir. Systematic genocide and massacre of Kashmiris are going on in Occupied Jammu and Kashmir and all the actions of India on 5th August are illegal, and tyrannical, use of pellet guns on innocent Kashmiris, arrests, and extrajudicial killings should be investigated. The United Nations Human Rights Commissioner should form a Commission of Inquiry under the United Nations to investigate the worst violations of human rights in Indian Occupied Kashmir and the international community, including the United Nations, should put pressure on India to resolve the Kashmir issue. Grow up and play your true role. There is no justification for the silence of the international community on the violations of human rights in occupied Kashmir.

 

The silence of the international community on the martyrdom of innocent Kashmiris and the continuous curfew is tantamount to killing justice. The right of self-determination of the people of Kashmir cannot be suppressed by oppression and oppression. The people of Kashmir have rekindled the freedom movement with their blood. International human rights claimants know why the violations of human rights are not seen in occupied Kashmir. There is one soldier for every 4 people. Kashmiris are being targeted through various black laws. Although the Kashmiris’ position is clear and blunt. What they are demanding. The right to self-determination is the fundamental right of Kashmiris, for which they are sacrificing their lives. This issue of Kashmir has been declared controversial in the resolutions of the United Nations. But India is trying to suppress the right of self-determination of Kashmiris under the auspices of the international community. The struggle of Kashmiris is a line for freedom. For which they sacrificed their youth. Now the fourth generation of Kashmiris is being sacrificed.

In its report, the United Nations Human Rights Commission described the human rights violations in Occupied Kashmir as serious and wrote that Kashmiris have been suffering for the past several years. They have been suffering from the worst human rights violations for decades. Now it is the responsibility of the international community and human rights organizations to raise their voice for Kashmir on the occasion of International Human Rights Day on December 10 and take notice of the atrocities committed by Indian forces in Occupied Kashmir. Do your part to bring about self-determination.

Follow Azadi Times on Twitter: https://twitter.com/azaditimes24